uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: In this paper we will present the Z-Lab transportable color holography system, the HoloPhos illuminator and results of actual in situ recording of color Denisyuk holograms of artifacts on panchromatic silver halide emulsions. Z-lab and HoloPhos were developed to meet identified prerequisites of holographic recording of artifacts: a) in situ recording b) a high degree of detail and color reproduction c) a low degree of image distortions. The Z-Lab consists of the Z-3 camera, its accessories and a mobile darkroom. The Z-3 camera is a computer controlled opto mechanical device capable of exposing selected, commercially available, panchromatic silver halide emulsions to the combined red, green and blue laser beams at sufficient energy levels. Z-3 accessories include a vibration isolation platform and custom plate holders in the object’s space. The mobile darkroom is autonomous and environmentally friendly with closed circuits for chemical waste management. HoloPhos is an RGB LED based lighting device for the display of color holograms. The device is capable of digitally controlled intensity mixing and provides a beam of uniform color cross section. The small footprint and emission characteristics of the device LEDs result in a quasi point, narrow bandwidth, source at selected wavelengths. A case study in recording and displaying Greek cultural heritage artifacts with the aforementioned systems will also be presented.

uk: вхід без авторизації

name: A transportable system for the in situ recording of color Denisyuk holograms in silver-halide panchromatic emulsions and an optimized illumination device.: Applicatiions in the documentation of Greek Cultural Heritage artifacts


Aberrations in holography

Dinesh Padiyar

type: Person

cs: Informatika

de: Informatik

fi: tietojenkäsittelytiede

uk: Комп'ютерні науки

en: Computer Science

fr: Informatique

da: Datalogi

es: Ciencias de la Computación

nl: Informatica

cs: Technické vědy

de: Ingenieurwissenschaften

fi: tekniikka

uk: Інженерія

en: Engineering Sciences

fr: Ingénierie

da: Ingeniørvidenskab

es: Ingeniería

nl: Engineering

description: The Seidel aberrations are described as they apply to holography. Methods of recognition of an aberrated holographic reconstruction are described, as well as a recognition of the type of aberration. Experimental and theoretical strategies to minmise aberations are discussed, including geometric considerations in the recording and reconstruction of holograms. Aberrations due to the recording of a hologram with one wavelength and reconstructing it in another is also examined.

TIB AV-Portal

type: Service

type: WebContent

type: MediaObject

@language: en

cs: přihlášení není vyžadováno

de: keine Anmeldung erforderlich

uk: вхід без авторизації

en: no login required

nl: geen login vereist

River Valley TV

type: Organization

cs: Video

de: Video

fi: Video

uk: Відео

en: Video

fr: Vidéo

da: Video

nl: Video

es: Video


Across Light: Through Colour II

uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: This paper intends to be a reflection on the end product of the process of preparing movies to digital art holograms, comparing the kind of space and movement between those images and the ones in the previous paper. This paper explores too questions about the act of seeing through that images and it is concerned with the surrounding debate of ideas for new experimental methodologies applied to holographic images.

uk: вхід без авторизації


uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: In the framework of scientific outreach and teaching purposes at the Aix-Marseille University, we created a pedagogic “holographic case”. With a small size (34 cm x 25 cm x 16 cm) for 2.5 kg, the case includes all the required equipment to produce very good quality holograms with a simple optical assembly and an excellent vibration tolerance. The case allows illustrating fundamental principle of holography and its applications : holographic interferometry, angular multiplexing (HVD) and “Notch” filters. The success rate with this device approaches 100%, and has been tested in very noisy environments. Moreover, this device can reach a very large audience and a very low cost version is studied. We use it at the “science house” of Aix Marseille University for outreach purpose for primary school to high school workshops. The holographic case is also used for teaching purpose at university for undergraduate and graduate students. Finally, we use it to train teachers to holography, who use holography for their own pedagogic projects. In this article, we explain how the case works, and give some applications and results that can be done with it.

uk: вхід без авторизації

name: An easy physics outreach and teaching tool for holography


uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: Based on research at MIT, LumArray, Inc. has developed a maskless photolithography tool, the ZP-150, designed to cover an entire 6-inch substrate with a continuous, coherent high-resolution pattern, thereby avoiding the “stitching problem” and making it ideal for fabricating computer-generated holograms (CGH). No mask is required, as data is transferred directly from a computer to a spatial-light modulator that adjusts the intensity of 1000 beamlets, and directs them to 1000 diffractive-optical lenses. Patterns of arbitrary geometry, with placement precision ~1nm, are written by scanning the stage in coordination with modulation of the beamlets by the spatial-light modulator. The throughput of one 6-inch wafers per hour far exceeds that of electron-beam lithography. A fully automated proximity-effect-correction algorithm enables fine and large features to be written with equal ease, as well as the creation of 3-D structures. The ZP-150 uses stable, non-chemically amplified photoresists. Extension of resolution from the current 150 nm to the sub-100 nm domain is planned. In addition to providing rapid turn around on designs, we envisage the ZP-150 being used in customized manufacturing of CGH’s by virtue of its modest cost and low maintenance.

uk: вхід без авторизації

name: An innovative tool for fabrication of computer generated holograms


uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: This thesis describes artistic representation through pulsed holography. One of the prevalent practical problems in making holograms is object movement. Any movement of the object or film, including movement caused by acoustic vibration, has the same fatal results. One way of reducing the chance of movement is by ensuring that the exposure is very quick; using a pulsed laser can fulfill this objective. The attractiveness of using pulsed laser is based on the variety of materials or objects that can be recorded (e.g., liquid material or instantaneous scene of a moving object). One of the most interesting points about pulsed holograms is that some reconstructed images present us with completely different views of the real world. For example, the holographic image of liquid material does not appear fluid; it looks like a piece of hard glass that would produce a sharp sound upon tapping. In everyday life, we are unfamiliar with such an instantaneous scene. On the other hand, soft-textured materials such as a feather or wool differ from liquids when observed through holography. Using a pulsed hologram, we can sense the soft touch of the object or material with the help of realistic three-dimensional (3-D) images. The images allow us to realize the sense of touch in a way that resembles touching real objects. I had the opportunity to use a pulsed ruby laser soon after I started to work in the field of holography in 1979. Since then, I have made pulsed holograms of activities, including pouring water, breaking eggs, blowing soap bubbles, and scattering feathers and popcorn. I have also created holographic art with materials and objects, such as silk fiber, fabric, balloons, glass, flowers, and even the human body. Whenever I create art, I like to present the spectator with a new experience in perception. Therefore, I would like to introduce my experimental artwork through those pulsed holograms.

uk: вхід без авторизації

name: Artistic Representation with Pulsed Holography


Wie kurz ist ultrakurz?

de: Physik, Astronomie

fi: fysiikka, tähtitiede

uk: Фізика, Астрономія

en: Physics, Astronomy

fr: Physique, Astronomie

da: Fysik, Astronomi

es: Física, Astronomía

nl: Natuurkunde, Astronomie

de: Mathematik, Naturwissenschaften

uk: Математика, природничі науки

en: Mathematics, Natural Sciences

@language: de

uk: вхід без авторизації

name: Organisation Skorupka, Sascha (Leitung, Regie, Redaktion, Moderation)

Leibniz Universität Hannover (LUH)

addressCountry: DE

addressLocality: Hanover

addressRegion: Lower Saxony


uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: Due to recent advances made in data storage, cloud computing, and Blu-ray mastering technology, it is now straight forward to calculate, store, transfer, and print bit-mapped holograms that use terabytes of data and tera-pixels of information. This presentation reports on the potential of using the phase transition mastering (PTM) process to construct bit-mapped, computer generated holograms with continuous-tone phase levels and spatial resolutions of 5000 line-pairs/mm (70 nm pixel width). In particular, for Blu-ray disk production, Sony has developed a complete process that could be alternately deployed in holographic applications. The phase transition mastering (PTM) process uses a 405 nm laser to write phase patterns onto a layer of imperfect transition metal oxides that is deposited onto an 8 inch silicon wafer. After the master hologram has been constructed, its imprint can then be cheaply mass produced with the same process as Blu-ray disks or embossed holograms. Unlike traditional binary holograms made with expensive e-beam lithography, the PTM process enables continuous phase levels using inexpensive optics similar to consumer-grade desk-top Blu-ray writers. This PTM process could revolutionize holography for entertainment, industrial, and scientific applications. The author has filed a Provisional Patent on the application of PTM in holography.

uk: вхід без авторизації

name: Bit-mapped holograms using phase transition mastering (PTM) and Blu-ray disks


uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: We had researched about Eyepiece-type electro holography to display 3-D images of larger objects at wider angles. With Fourier optical system using two lenses, we had enlarged visual field considering depth of object. The purpose of the previous study is making a HMD (head-mount-display) for electro holography. And the HMD needs to have two displays for the left and right eye of a man. So, we have needed to extend our system for binocular. In binocular system, we needs to use two different hologram for each of eyes. The 3-D image reconstructed from each hologram is not the same; the 3-D image for left eye needs to be just like the real object observed using left eye, and the 3-D image for right eye needs to be so. In this paper, we propose a method of calculation of CGH transforming the coordinate system of the model data to make two holograms for binocular eyepiece-type electro holography. The coordinate system of original model data is called the world coordinate system. And the coordinate system of the model data used to make holograms for left and right eye are called the left eye coordinate system and the right eye coordinate system. The left and right coordinate system is made by using coordinate transformation from the world coordinate system. And in each coordinate system, the model data is corrected to remove distortion, and made to each hologram. Finally, the 3-D image reconstructed from two holograms is enlarged using two Fourier lenses just like a microscope. Optical reconstructed experiments were carried out. The results of experiments show the potential of the proposed method for the possibility of implementation of the HMD.

uk: вхід без авторизації

name: Calculation method of CGH for binocular eyepiece-type electro holography


uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: In-line holography has recently made the transition from silver-halide based recording media, with laser reconstruction, to recording with large-area pixel detectors and computer-based reconstruction. This form of holographic imaging is an established technique for the study of fine particulates, such as cloud or fuel droplets, marine plankton and alluvial sediments, and enables a true 3D object field to be recorded at high resolution over a considerable depth. The move to digital holography promises rapid, if not instantaneous, feedback as it avoids the need for the time-consuming chemical development of plates or film film and a dedicated replay system, but with the growing use of video-rate holographic recording, and the desire to reconstruct fully every frame, the computational challenge becomes considerable. To replay a digital hologram a 2D FFT must be calculated for every depth slice desired in the replayed image volume. A typical hologram of ~100 micrometre particles over a depth of a few hundred millimetres will require (10^3) 2D FFT operations to be performed on a hologram of typically a few million pixels. In this paper we discuss the technical challenges in converting our existing reconstruction code to make efficient use of NVIDIA CUDA-based GPU cards and show how near real-time video slice reconstruction can be obtained with holograms as large as 4096 by 4096 pixels. Our performance to date for a number of different NVIDIA GPU running under both Linux and Microsoft Windows is presented. We consider the implications for grid and cloud computing, and the extent to which GPU can replace these approaches, when the important step of locating focussed objects within a reconstructed volume is included.

uk: вхід без авторизації

name: Challenges in using GPU for the real-time reconstruction of digital hologram images


Coexistence

uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: This paper is to introduce both a construction method for a Cylindrical Hologram and a work world of Ray’s Cylindrical Hologram through research about coexistence of between visible world and invisible world, since the first work, in 2007. ‘Green Apple’ of the Cylindrical Hologram, was issued, then a broad range of Cylindrical Hologram works have been completed following an improvement of a weak point that it is impossible to observe a portion of shadow occurred by a illumination in the construction of the previous Cylindrical Hologram. The Hologram works based on theme “coexistence of visible world and invisible world” has been exhibited four time in Korea between year 2011-2012. In addition, during the exhibition, works done by KETI using Holographic printer will be introduced as well. “I do hologram works. I work over and over for making false images through holograms with familiar, everyday, and current objects and photographs. It is the work process of a hologram that reappearances things and grants them permanence in terms of sustaining them. The world of wave is part of the world of invisible. It is not visible of sound wave, brain wave, and wavelength. Therefore it is clear that we live in coexistence of visible as well as invisible world. From the Theory of relativity by Einstein, it could be acknowledged that the visible is relative to the invisible. Through the quantum theory, exemplified by the story of Schrödinger’s cat, it could be resulted according to imagination or observation before watching outcomes from experiments. What we can interpret through this story is that things can be taken off as we imagine and the false image of hologram coexists in the visible “life”.

uk: вхід без авторизації


uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: Full parallax, full colour display holograms are regarded by most holographers as the ultimate in holography – and the ultimate in illustration and representation of the world. Everyone who sees a high quality display hologram is impressed – awestruck even. The recent revival of mega-shows of display holograms demonstrate this public fascination with and response to holograms. So why has it proved so difficult to produce these holograms successfully in a commercial context? Why have so many companies which were established to make and market display holograms succeeded at the making but failed in the marketing. Or more specifically, failed in the selling. Why don’t display holograms sell in commercially viable quantities? In this paper I will give a history of companies producing display holograms with commercial intent, showing that the successes are heavily outnumbered by the failures. I will examine the factors which appear to influence this history, from the holograms and the business side. And I will try to propose a route to success for the future by drawing out the lessons from the successes and the failures and examining what it takes to establish and survive as a business in the field of display holography. As the founder and original CEO of an initially successful but ultimately failed display hologram producer company, the editor of Holography News® for over 20 years, and the holder of a post-graduate business qualification, I hope I will bring a valuable perspective and insight to this topic.

uk: вхід без авторизації

name: Commercial display holography: a history of failure?


uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: In dynamic computer-generated holography that utilizes spatial light modulators, both hologram synthesis and hologram representation is essential in terms of fast computation and high reconstruction quality. For hologram synthesis, i.e. the computation step, Fresnel transform based or point-source based raytracing methods can be applied. In the encoding step, the complex wave-field has to be optimally represented by the SLM with its given modulation capability. For proper hologram reconstruction that implies a simultaneous and independent amplitude and phase modulation of the input wave-field by the SLM. In this paper, we discuss full complex hologram representation methods on SLMs by considering inherent SLM parameter such as modulation type, fill factor, and bit depth on their reconstruction performance such as diffraction efficiency and SNR. We review the three implementation schemes of Burckhardt amplitude-only representation, phase-only macro-pixel representation, and two-phase interference representation. Besides the optical performance we address their hardware complexity and required computational load. Finally, we experimentally demonstrate holographic reconstructions of different representation schemes as obtained by functional prototypes utilizing SeeReal’s viewing-window holographic display technology. The proposed hardware implementations enable a fast encoding of complex-valued hologram data and thus will pave the way for commercial real-time holographic 3D imaging in the near future.

uk: вхід без авторизації

name: Computational hologram synthesis and representation on SLM for real-time 3D holographic imaging


uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: Recently, we presented some high-definition full-parallax CGHs calculated by our polygon-based method and fabricated by laser lithography system. These holograms, composed of more than billions pixels, produce very fine spatial 3D images of occluded virtual scenes and objects. The optically reconstructed images are comparable to that in classical holography. Strong sensation of depth caused by these high-definition CGHs has never been achieved by conventional 3D systems and pictures other than holography. In addition, we have also presented a new technique called “digitized holography.” In this technique, fringe caused by interference between a real existing object wave and reference wave is digitally recorded with wide area and high sampling density by using image sensors. The recorded object wave is incorporated in a virtual 3D scene constructed of CG-like 2D and 3D objects, and then, the virtual scene that keeps proper occluded relation is optically reconstructed by the technique of CGHs. This technique make it possible to digitally edit holograms after recording and will open the world of a novel digital art, referred to as Computer Holography. Various source materials can be input data in computer holography, for example, digital photos, illustrations, polygon-mesh 3D objects, multi-viewpoints images and captured fields of real existing objects. The 3D scene including these materials is designed employing a field-based digital-editing technique and optically reconstructed by the CGH technique as designers intend. We will present details of the technique as well as the concept of the computer holography. Furthermore, some of our works in computer holography will be demonstrated in the meeting.

uk: вхід без авторизації

name: Computer holography: 3D digital art based on high-definition CGH


uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: A synthetic hologram is an optical system made of hundreds of images amalgamated in a structure of holographic cells. Each of these images represents a point of view on a three-dimensional space which makes us consider synthetic holography as a multiple points of view perspective system. In the composition of a computer graphics scene for a synthetic hologram, the field of view of the holographic image can be divided into several viewing zones. We can attribute these divisions to any object or image feature independently and operate different transformations on image content. In computer generated holography, we tend to consider content variations as a continuous animation much like a short movie. However, by composing sequential variations of image features in relation with spatial divisions, we can build new narrative forms distinct from linear cinematographic narration. When observers move freely and change their viewing positions, they travel from one field of view division to another. In synthetic holography, metamorphoses of image content are within the observer’s path. In all imaging Medias, the transformation of image features in synchronisation with the observer’s position is a rare occurrence. However, this is a predominant characteristic of synthetic holography. This paper describes some of my experimental works in the development of metamorphic holographic images.

uk: вхід без авторизації

name: Content metamorphosis in synthetic holography


uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: With the reemergence of stereoscopic displays, through polarized glasses for theatrical presentations and shuttered liquid crystal eyewear in the home, automultiscopic displays have received increased attenuation. Commercial efforts have predominantly focused on parallax barrier and lenticular architectures applied to LCD panels. Such designs suffer from reduced resolution and brightness. Recently, multilayer LCDs have emerged as a design alternative supporting full-resolution imagery with enhanced brightness and depth of field. In this paper we introduce a single processing framework for comparing the depth of field for conventional and emerging automultiscopic LCD displays. We derive an upper bound for all such displays, encompassing prior depth of field expressions for parallax barriers and integral imaging, while indicating the significant potential of multilayer configurations.

uk: вхід без авторизації

name: Depth of field analysis for multilayer automultiscopic displays


uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: Today, the synthetic holograms are widely used in optical document security, where various visual effects are utilized for evaluation of originality of the security element. The security function is based on a very fine micro-structure with details of order of hundreds of nanometres. It diffracts the light and creates macroscopic visual effects. Very important property of this kind of elements is ability of common observer to check the originality of the element without any sophisticated knowledge of the optical principles and usually also without any additional tools. Thus the visual design of the element plays an important role not only from an artistic point of view, but also from a point of view of security function of the element. When the designed element contains many different visual effects, it is difficult for the designer to imagine the complex behavior of the hologram. Moreover, it is almost impossible to present the hologram properties to most customers, who are not familiar with the holography at all. In this paper we present our developed software for design and visualization of holographic elements containing full scale of visual effects. It enables to simulate observation of holographic elements under general conditions including different light sources with various spectral and coherence properties and various geometries of reconstruction. Furthermore, recent technologies offer interesting possibilities for 3D visualization such as 3D techniques based on shutter or polarization glasses, etc. The presented software is compatible with the mentioned techniques and enables application of 3D hardware tools. The software package can be used not only for visualization of existing designs, but also for fine tuning of spatial, kinetic, and color properties of the hologram. Moreover, holograms containing all types of 3D effects, general color mixing, kinetic behavior, diffractive cryptograms, etc. can be translated directly to a high resolution micro-structure.

uk: вхід без авторизації

name: Design and visualization of synthetic holograms for security applications


uk: Фізика, Астрономія

uk: Математика, природничі науки

uk: вхід без авторизації

name: Wo ist einer der kältesten Orte im Universum?


uk: Комп'ютерні науки

uk: вхід без авторизації

name: Direct optical fringe writing of of diffraction specific coherent panoramagrams in photorefractive polymer for updatable three-dimensional holographic display


uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: Light propagation in a free space is a common computational task in many computer generated holography algorithms. A solution based on angular spectrum decomposition is used frequently. However, its correct off-axis numerical implementation is not straightforward. It is shown that for long distance propagation it is necessary to use digital low-pass filtering for transfer function calculation in order to restrict source area illumination to a finite area. It is also shown that for short distance propagation it is necessary to introduce frequency bands folding in transfer function calculation in order to simulate finite source area propagation. In both cases it is necessary to properly define interpolation filters that reconstruct continuous nature of the source area out of its sampled representation. It is also necessary to properly zero-pad source area sampling in order to avoid artifacts that stem from the periodic nature of the fast Fourier transform.

uk: вхід без авторизації

name: Discrete calculation of the off-axis angular spectrum based light propagation


uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: The depth illusion apparent in light reflected from circular scratch patterns has been noted independently by many commentators since the 1930’s (e.g. Weil, 1934; Lott, 1963; Walker, 1989). In the early 1990’s William Beaty compared this illusion to holography and formalized a technique for creating 3D drawings by hand, which he called “scratchograms” or “abrasion holography.” Several recent publications (Regg et al., 2010; Augier & Sánchez, 2011; Brand, 2011) explore computer-aided methods of producing abrasion-type holograms, using CNC engravers, and milling machines. Very little, however has been published in the way of expanding the techniques available for hand drawing abrasion holograms. I explore new, hand-drawn approaches to abrasion holography, presenting a variety of techniques that expand the possibilities of the medium. Complex curves and organic forms can be constructed by hand more easily and intuitively than previously described methods, allowing for more diverse and artistic effects to be achieved. In an analysis of reconstruction lighting and viewing geometries, I suggest solutions to reduce or eliminate distortions present in abrasion holograms (such as the “swinging” sensation experienced with motion parallax). Various tools, materials, and scratch geometries are considered. I also present a new class of hand-drawn abrasion holograms that exhibit novel animation effects. In conclusion, I outline preliminary findings related to the duplication of hand-drawn holograms using a simple foil embossing process. I detail these findings along with illustrations and test plates. I also will show examples of artistic works exploring the medium of hand-drawn abrasion holography. In the field of hand-drawn abrasion holography we have, so to speak, only scratched the surface of what is possible. As a medium, hand-drawn abrasion holography offers many interesting and as-yet unexplored possibilities. It is my hope that the investigation presented here will inspire further exploration of this unique medium.

uk: вхід без авторизації

name: Drawing lightfields: handdrawn approaches to abrasion holography


uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: The digital hologram of the 4D arrival management system of flight guidance, the holographic animation of the Reichstag in Berlin, a flight with the atoms in a fuel cell for a glasses free multi barrier monitor and the first electric noiseless hydrogen driven plane of the world, the Antares H2 documented with a stereo rig: The German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt; in this text used DLR) researches give an incredible data base for new image making, which, some artists, like the author, have transformed into a visual stage. The outputs of 3D illustrations have been in S3D, M3D and holographic media.

uk: вхід без авторизації

name: Flying with Antares DLR-H2 -from stereo images to multiview


For a photon there is only the present

uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: Several years ago I produced a hologram using the pulsed laser at the Center for Holographic Art, New York to explore an idea illustrated by the ancient Hindu story of Indra’s Net. The optically active model created a secondary set of images surrounding the reconstruction source. Upon close examination, the elements of the objects formed a complex Gabor hologram centered in an array of multi-referenced images. The multiple layers of images suggest the infinite reflections of the Indra’s Net story and parallel both ancient and contemporary concepts of complexity. This paper will present new works using holography to explore the paradoxical nature of light.

uk: вхід без авторизації


uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: Being Holography, so far, the recording technology that represents the object most similar to the original, with the same parallax, it allows a mimetic representation of reality. But is that the only purpose for an artistic work in this medium? Holography is a pure light medium. It also offers the unique quality of presenting rather than representing light qualities such as immateriality, invisibility, and the recording of several images in the same space, which invites artists to explore and express in those types of subjects. How do artists use Holography as a resource for developing their own artistic language? Approaching it in different ways makes holography to be a especial suitable medium for Conceptual Art works. And there is no greater dematerialized energy than the light itself, which is the essence of the holographic image. Therefore, materiality is reduced to the support in the case of the holography medium. This paper aims to reflect and enhance the characteristics of Holography as an artistic medium in the moment that new approaches and techniques such as stereoscopic projection (several times wrongly called holography) 3D movies and video and augmented reality are being developed and divulged.

uk: вхід без авторизації

name: From mimetism to immateriality in art holography: different approaches and concepts


uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: Holographic display is capable of reconstructing the whole optical wave field of a three-dimensional (3D) scene. It is the only one among all the 3D display techniques that can produce all the depth cues. With the development of computing technology and spatial light modulators, computer generated holograms (CGHs) can now be used to produce dynamic 3D images of synthetic objects. Computation holography becomes highly complicated and demanding when it is employed to produce real 3D images. Here we present a novel algorithm for generating a full parallax 3D CGH with occlusion effect, which is an important property of 3D perception, but has often been neglected in fully computed hologram synthesis. The ray casting technique, which is widely used in computer graphics, is introduced to handle the occlusion issue of CGH computation. Horizontally and vertically distributed rays are projected from each hologram sample to the 3D objects to obtain the complex amplitude distribution. The occlusion issue is handled by performing ray casting calculations to all the hologram samples. The proposed algorithm has no restriction on or approximation to the 3D objects, and hence it can produce reconstructed images with correct shading effect and no visible artifacts. Programmable graphics processing unit (GPU) is used to perform parallel calculation. This is made possible because each hologram sample belongs to an independent operation. To demonstrate the performance of our proposed algorithm, an optical experiment is performed to reconstruct the 3D scene by using a phase-only spatial light modulator. We can easily perceive the accommodation cue by focusing our eyes on different depths of the scene and the motion parallax cue with occlusion effect by moving our eyes around. The experiment result confirms that the CGHs produced by our algorithm can successfully reconstruct 3D images with all the depth cues.

uk: вхід без авторизації

name: Full parallax three-dimensional computer generated hologram with occlusion effect using ray casting technique


uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: What follows is a description of an introductory holography course titled “Lasers and Holography,” taught by the author at Columbia College Chicago since 1997. Because this is a science class at an arts college with an open admissions policy, these students have many different levels of education, dissimilar backgrounds, and varied fields of interest. There are no science majors. Therefore, specific learning objectives have been developed. The author contends that for many of these students it is not enough to teach the physics of making holograms. To inspire and instill a lifelong appreciation for science and physics, one must go still deeper. Students need to be touched on more than just an intellectual level. Consequently, a broader approach is used. Ultimately, students may be stirred to want to learn more, and to be confident they can. The paper addresses: 1. Becoming aware of one’s individual state of seeing 2. Perceptual illusions: their impact on the advancement of science and art 3. Promoting artistic applications and exposing students to fine art holography 4. Teaching holography as an information processing, as well as an image-making technology 5. Introducing and exploring philosophical implications of holographic principles.

uk: вхід без авторизації

name: Going deeper: teaching more than the mechanics


Haptic holography/touching the ethereal

uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: Haptic Holography, was perhaps, first proposed by workers at MIT in the 80s. The Media Lab, headed up by Dr. Stephen Benton,with published papers by Wendy Plesiak and Ravi Pappuh. Recent developments in both the technology of digital holography and haptics have made it practical to conduct further investigations. Haptic holography is auto-stereoscopic and provides co-axial viewing for the user. Haptic holography may find application in medical & surgical training and as a new form of synthetic reality for artists and designers.

uk: вхід без авторизації


Holograms by/for the masses

uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: Traditional holography subject matter has been generally limited to small dead things (SMD). Pulse lasers and the advent of holographic stereography have made it easier to make holograms of scaled objects and those that live (un-SMD), at a cost of single dimensional parallax or monochromaticity. While stunning results have been produced, all of these required access to a lab, expensive lasers and optics, and infinite patience, care and skill to collect and record content. This complexity has generally kept holography out of reach for the masses.

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description: Since its adoption by artists, shortly after the process became practical in the 1960’s, holography has struggled to be accepted as a legitimate medium within the visual arts. A number of key milestones, during the early developmental process of creative holography, are acknowledged with reference to sparse but significant critical discussions. The value of ‘traditional’, framed, wall-based display is explored and a number of sculptural installations by the author, which have attempted to question this method of presentation, are discussed. Floor-based installations, which involve the integration of drawn holographic elements within site-specific locations, are examined.

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name: Holography without frames: sculptural installations incorporating ʻdrawnʼ elements


Hololujah: a one kilometre art hologram

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description: This paper will outline the production of the white light transmission achromatic image hologram titled Hololujah measuring 3.5cm x 1 kilometre. The theme of this artwork is a comment on social networking sites such as Twitter. The paper will cover my use of Slavich VRP-M film measuring 1.14 x 30 metres that was exposed and processed as a complete roll in thirty individual metre sections. When finished the roll of film was cut into thirty-four 3.5cm x 30 metre strips with their ends cold laminated together to form the kilometre length hologram. The paper will expand on my use of a Coherent Compass 315M, 532nm, 150mW laser diode in a lenseless setup, using a single beam through diffuse glass, no isolation systems and two minute exposure times with the film lying flat on the floor. Lastly, I will illustrate how the hologram was produced in the 2×2x2.5 metre confined area of my bedroom.

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description: LightLeaves is a wall-mounted installation of six panels of white light reflection, leaf shaped holograms, containing landscape imagery .The holograms are attached to the panels at different depths, and the illumination for the holograms is controlled by a specifically designed housing device, above and in front of the work, containing mirrors and movable light blocking leaf shaped masks. The housing device also holds a compact VEX robotic microprocessor controller, programmed to operate two motors, and temperature sensors, to control the movements of the light blocking masks, as the temperature in the space changes, simulating wind effects of sun light on leaves in trees. LightLeaves was first exhibited from June 2010 to June 2011 at the Peabody Essex Museum, in Salem, Massachusetts, in the show titled EYE SPY, Playing with Perception.

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name: LightLeaves: landscape reflection hologram installation with computer controlled lighting


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description: Holography is undoubtedly the ultimate 3D visualization technology, offering true 3D experience with all the natural depth cues, without the undesirable side-effects of current stereoscopic systems (uncomfortable glasses, strained eyes, fatiguing experience). Realization of a high-definition holographic display however requires a number of breakthroughs from existing prototypes. One of the main challenges lies in technology scaling, as holography is based on light diffraction and interference – to achieve wide viewing angles, the light-modulating pixels need to be spaced close to or below the wavelength of the used visible light. Furthermore, achieving high 3D image quality, hundreds of millions of such individually programmable pixels are needed.

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name: Modular subwavelength diffractive light modulator for high-definition holographic displays


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description: In case of teaching optical system construction, it is difficult to prepare the optical components for the attendance student. However the tangible learning is very important to master the optical system construction. Developing the inexpensive system which provide the experience learning helps learner understand easily. Therefore, we propose the new education system for construction of optical setup with the augmented reality. To use the augmented reality, the proposed system can simulate the optical system construction by the direct hand control. Also, this system only requires a inexpensive web camera, printed makers and a personal computer. Since this system does not require the darkroom and the expensive optical equipments, the learner can study anytime, anywhere when they want to do.

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name: New education system for construction of optical holography setup: Tangible learning with augmented reality


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description: A new recording material with silver halide (AgBr) nanoparticles and photopolymerization system will be presented. It is well known that redistribution of silver halide particles within a gelatin layer is the main cause of a phase hologram formation in silver halide emulsions (SHE). Holograms recorded in SHE reach high value of the refractive index modulation as the difference between refractive indexes of AgBr and gelatin is relatively high. However, the AgBr nanoparticles in SHE may increase in their size during the wet chemical developing and rehalogenization processes. So when the SHE hologram is reconstructed, it appears noisy as the size of scattering particles grew up. Recently, we have developed a new self-developing recording medium with AgBr nanoparticles. It is composed of the gelatin binder with AgBr nanoparticles to which a photopolymerization system is added. During the holographic exposure, the radical chain polymerization process is initiated in the bright regions and polymer chains grow. As a consequence of the local polymerization process, the nanoparticles are excluded from polymerization regions and migrate to the surroundings where the local refractive index is growing up. The final result of nanoparticles distribution is the same as in the case of the processed SHE, but the AgBr nanoparticles in the gelatin layer preserve their original size as they don not undergo any chemical reactions. In our laboratory, the AgBr nanoparticles in gelatin sol are prepared by the method of chemical precipitation. Typically, the diameter of particles is about 30 nm and they have relatively narrow size distribution. The gelatin with nanoparticles is a basis for making of both SHE and photopolymer with nanoparticles, but different additives are used for respective materials. We have studied the recording processes with proper detection methods which lead to the redistribution of AgBr particles within the recording layer. In the paper, we will give the main results of our findings and also some properties of the new self-developing photopolymer with nanoparticles will be presented.

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name: New recording material with AgBr nanoparticles for optical holography


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name: Occlusion processing for Computer generated hologram by conversion between the wavefront and light-ray information


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description: Measurement of the characteristics of image holograms in regards to diffraction efficiency and signal to noise ratio are demonstrated, using readily available digital cameras and image editing software. Illustrations and case studies, using currently available holographic recording materials, are presented.

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name: Quantitative measurement of holographic image quality using Adobe Photoshop


uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: With the invention of integral imaging and parallax barriers in the beginning of the 20th century, glasses-free 3D displays have become feasible. Only today —more than a century later— glasses-free 3D displays are finally emerging in the consumer market. The technologies being employed in current-generation devices, however, are fundamentally the same as what was invented 100 years ago. With rapid advances in optical fabrication, digital processing power, and computational perception, a new generation of display technology is emerging: computational displays exploring the co-design of optical elements and computational processing while taking particular characteristics of the human visual system into account. In this paper, we discuss real-time implementation strategies for emerging computational light field displays. These are displays composed of multiple stacked layers of LCDs or other light-attenuating modulators that are driven at high display refresh rates. The involved image generation algorithms include tomographic image synthesis as well as non-negative light field factorizations. We demonstrate that, for the case of light field display, these algorithms map well to operations included in the standard graphics pipeline, facilitating efficient GPU-based implementations with real-time framerates.

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name: Real-time image generation for compressive light field displays


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description: We have recently demonstrated several improvements in material properties and optical design to increase the resolution, size, brightness, and color range of updatable holograms using photorefractive materials. A compact system has been developed that is capable of producing holograms with a brightness in excess of 2,500 cd/m2 using less than 100mW of CW laser power. The size of the holograms have been increased to 300mm x 150mm with a writing time of less than 8 seconds using a 50 Hz pulse laser. Optical improvements have been implemented to reduce the hogel size to less than 200 µm. We have optimized the color gamut to extend beyond the NTSC CIE color space through a combination of spatial and polarization multiplexing. Further improvements could bring applications in telemedicine, prototyping, advertising, updatable 3D maps and entertainment.

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name: Recent advancements in photorefractive holographic imaging


Wie lernen wir Wörter?

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description: The use of holographic technologies in the past has faced resistance in the artistic field. The most conservative artists and critiques saw the term “holographic” more as a technical subject than an artistic one. Nevertheless, to explore new forms to create art has been a constant challenge for any artist, whatever the field. At the end of the 20-century the concept that art can explore any field or subject, create a vision that is somehow technological, is part of the new artistic world. In the last two decades, in the search for new terminologies, scientists and artists have used the expression “Holographic” as a synonym of evolution, but with different means. Artists are using it as a new form of art call “Holo Art”; scientists see it as a “new” science technique where light takes an important part in the process, and can be used in various aspects of daily life, such as, security and medicine. This paper will research artists who persist in exploring art with new technologies and how they are viewed in a world where the question of ‘what is and what isn’t art’ is very debatable. Other questions that will be explored are ‘How can these techniques be useful to artists?’ and ‘How do artists challenge themselves to analyse the pos and cons of the results that can be obtained?’

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name: The future of holographic technologies and their use by artists


The Haptic Lines of Homeland

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description: This paper discusses the conceptual underpinnings, working processes and the tools used for preparing the scene files of a holographic art work which offers a subjective view point on the idea of homeland. The art work, Homeland, an optically formed fringe digital hologram, which is contextualized by the holographic maps used in situational awareness, indicates its subjectivity by strongly referencing the human body, particularly the lines of the palm of the hand.

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description: Strangely, light places us in contact with the things of the world even while keeping us at a great distance from them. It brings these things into our sight at the same time as our gaze gives us the impression that the world would not exist without it. The French philosopher Maurice Merleau-Ponty captured this dynamic with his idea of the intertwining of perceiver and perceived. Light is what links them. In the case of holographic images, not only is spatial and colour perception the pure product of light, but this light is always in the process of self-construction WITH our eyes, according to our movements and the point of view adopted. With respect to the visual regime of the work’s reception, holographic images vary greatly from those of cinema, photography and even every kind of digital 3D animation and are closer to the visual dynamic of sculpture or virtual reality. To a much greater extent than the persistence of vision found in cinema, this regime truly makes perceptually apparent the “co-emergence” of light and our gaze as we experience the former on a daily basis. But holography never misleads us with respect to the precarious nature of our perceptions. We have no illusion as to the limits of our empirical understanding of the perceived reality. But holography, like our knowledge of the visible, thus brings to light the phenomenon of reality’s “co-constitution” and contributes to a dynamic ontology of perceptual and cognitive processes. The cognitivist Francico Varela defines this as the paradigm of enaction, which I will adapt and apply to the appearance/disappearance context of holographic images to bring out their affinities on a metaphorical level. For it turns out that these physical and felt qualities of “co-emergence” are of great interest to artists and the contemporary world.

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name: The shifting appearance/disappearance of holographic images and the dynamic ontology of perceptual and cognitive processes


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description: A review of recent progress in color holography is provided with new applications. Color holography recording techniques in silver halide emulsions are discussed. Both analog, mainly Denisyuk color holograms, and digitally-printed color holograms are described and their recent improvements. An alternative to silver-halide materials are the panchromatic photopolymer materials such as the DuPont materials, the Dai Nippon and Bayer photopolymers which will be covered. The light sources used to illuminate the recorded holograms are very important to obtain ultra-realistic 3-D images. Various possible new lights, including arc lamps and LEDs, are described. They show improved image quality over today’s commonly used halogen lights. Recent work in this field by holographers and companies in Canada, France, Greece, Japan, Russia, UK and USA are included. To record and display ultra-realistic 3-D images with perfect color rendering are highly dependent on the correct recording technique using the optimal recording laser wavelengths, the availability of improved panchromatic recording materials and combined with new display light sources.

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name: Ultra-realistic 3-D imaging based on color holography


uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: One of the holy grails in display holography is the production of natural color holographic images. Various sets of wavelengths for recording have been suggested, some favoring three wavelengths, some four, and even more. I will argue that the choice of recording wavelengths is completely independent of the holographic process; in fact was solved once and for all by scientists working in general lighting in the 1970s. I will suggest an ideal set of wavelengths which will produce color rendition equal to better than conventional photographic processes.

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name: What are the ideal wavelengths for full-color holography?


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description: Various speakers - Lightning Talks Lightning talks, presented by Harry Percival

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name: EuroPython 2015: Various speakers - Lightning Talks II


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name: EuroPython 2015: Various speakers - Lightning Talks III


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name: EuroPython 2015: Various speakers - Lightning Talks IV


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description: Various speakers - Lightning Talks, conference closing Lightning talks, presented by Harry Percival

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name: EuroPython 2015: Various speakers - Lightning Talks, conference closing


Von Spontanhelfern und „Digital Jedis“

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description: Ob beim Hochwasser, nach dem Sturm Ela oder in der Flüchtlingskrise: Freiwillige Helfer organisieren sich auch in Deutschland immer häufiger über Facebook und Co. Sie wollen Informationen sammeln oder Einsatzkräfte und Betroffene vor Ort unterstützen. Soziale Netzwerke und Smartphones spielen dabei oft eine entscheidende Rolle. Wie verändert Technologie Krisen und Katastrophen in Deutschland und international? Und welches Potential bieten Social Media, Big Data und Crowdsourcing dafür noch?

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description: During the period from 2016 – 2025, the "other half" of the human race will be connected to the Net. Providing connection to the world's poor is the greatest act of social justice, educational opportunity and economic equalization within our power.

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name: re:publica 2016 - Opening Keynote: The last kilometer, the last chance


uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: When the US regulator FCC asked the american people about the future of the Internet a total of 3,7 million people participated in its consultation. Over 1 million Indians voiced their opinion when the Indian regulator TRAI asked them them questions about net neutrality. These were probably the biggest direct democratic movements for internet freedom in the world. In the next months the European regulators will ask all EU citizens the same questions.

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name: SaveTheInternet: A new hope for net neutrality in Europe


Neo-Tribes: The Future is Tribal

uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: You might have come across people that are "abandoning everything," deserting the urban consumer lifestyle to engage in small community activities, living off the land or following the path of the digital nomad. Are these experiments just nostalgic recreations of hippie fantasies from the 1960s or do they signal a powerful new leap into new ways of organizing social systems?

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description: "Die Geschichte der Gentrifizierung ist seit einigen Jahren um einen Akteur reicher geworden: Die Startup Community. Während Berlins Tech-Player ihren Platz in Berlin einnehmen, schwinden unterdessen den Akteuren der freien Szene, Künstler und Musikern, bezahlbare Arbeitsräume, und zwar in großem Stil. Ist Gentrifizierung ein unaufhaltsames Naturphänomen oder können organisierte Künstler mit innovativer Stadtplanung ein neues Modell entwickeln? Das Ringen um Koexistenz wird am Beispiel von Factory Berlin und dem Künstlerverein Postberlin diskutiert."

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name: Creatives vs. Kunst: Zerstörung des kreativen Ökosystems?


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description: The destruction of cultural heritage by human or natural causes isn’t new, but the way we can help is. Although the original artifacts and structures can never be replaced, their cultural memory can be preserved thanks to uniting web development, image-based reconstructions, and crowdsourcing. Building on its first version as Project Mosul, associated with the demolition of archaeological sites and museums in northern Iraq, Rekrei pushes this development and vision internationally to regions in Asia, Africa, Europe, and the Americas.

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name: Crowdsourcing the Reconstruction of Lost Heritage


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description: The digitisation of printed materials is in full swing. But whats happening on the flip-side?

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name: A New Feel for Print: Paper Music Instruments


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description: "When we worry too much about protecting privacy, we risk losing the benefits of publicness that the internet brings us. Ill argue that we, the public, must protect whats public."

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name: The German Paradox: Privacy, publicness, and penises


uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: Adam Dangoor - Another pair of eyes: Reviewing code well Many of us have been taught to code, but we know that software engineering is so much more than that. Programmers can spend 5-6 hours per week on code review, but doing that is almost ignored as a skill, and instead it is often treated as a rote chore. How many of us have seen poor reviews - those which upset people, don't catch bugs or block important features being merged? This talk explores the social and technical impacts of various code review practices as well as helpful tooling. The goal is to provide a structure to help improve how teams review code, and to introduce the costs and benefits of code review to anyone unfamiliar with the practice. There are always trade-offs to be made - e.g. think how costly a security flaw in this code could be to your organisation - perhaps intense scrutiny is not necessary for prototypes soon to be thrown away. It is useful to consider the trade-offs in order to optimise for a particular problem domain. Perhaps right now it is more important to look for issues with maintainability, functionality or performance. I talk about how some fantastic code reviews from mentors, colleagues and strangers have helped me become a better programmer and team member, as well as occasions where code review has been detrimental by slowing things down and causing arguments. This is aimed at everyone from beginner to advanced programmers.

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description: Adrian Dziubek - Python Descriptors for Better Data Structures Have you ever wondered how Django models work? I'll present a story of data structure transformation. I will talk about ideas from Django models that I used and how I rediscovered descriptor API. I will talk about printing, serializing, comparing data structures and some other examples, where descriptors excel at making declarative code easier to write. ----- I worked as a developer of a testing framework for a C++ server. The framework tested binary protocol implemented by the server. Most of the work involved testers preparing test cases. The data format was primitive structures -- hard to read and easy to break. Field order and all the data had to be entered manually. At the time, I have already seen the better world -- the models from Django. Have you ever wondered how those work? Step by step, I used the ideas from there to make the structures more friendly and on my way I rediscovered descriptors. I'll show in incremental steps, how: - used keyword arguments to lower signal to noise ratio, - order of definition for sorting the fields, - realized that `__call__` is used instead of assignment, - used `__setattribute__` as first step to extend primitive fields, - discovered that I'm actually reimplementing descriptors, and how it lead me to: - implement printing in a way that is friendly to regression testing, - use diff library for less code and better results, - implement more readable validation. I want to show how descriptors work in Python and how they enable declarative style of programming. By the end of the talk I want you to understand what is at the core of the magic behind field types used by object relational mappers like Django.

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description: Alain Martin - Python as the keystone of building and testing C++ applications At Ableton, we make [Live], [Push] and [Link], unique software and hardware for music creation and performance. Live is a C++ desktop application built from a 15-year old code base. Push is an instrument embedding a multicolor display which renders a [Qt Quick] scene powered by [Qt]. Link is a technology that keeps music devices in time and is available to app developers as [LinkKit], an iOS SDK. "But what does all that have to do with Python?", you might ask. This talk answers that question by explaining how our developers use Python to build and test C, C++ and Objective-C source code. Based on [GYP], what we call "build-system" is a collection of Python scripts that simplify our workflows, and help us write better software. The three top-level scripts, "configure.py", "build.py" and "run.py", share a common design which makes them easy to use by developers, as well as easy to maintain and extend. This talk describes the essence of that design, so you can apply it to your own project.

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description: Alessandro Amici - Test-driven code search and reuse coming to Python with pytest-nodev We will present the test-driven reuse (TDR) development strategy, a natural extension of test-driven development (TDD), and how to execute it with [pytest-nodev] an Open Source test- driven search engine for Python code. When developing new functionalities developers spend significant efforts searching for code to reuse, mainly via keyword-based searches, e.g. on StackOverflow and Google. Keyword-based search is effective in finding code that is explicitly designed and documented to be reused, e.g. libraries and frameworks, but typically fails to identify reusable functions and classes in the large corpus of auxiliary code of software projects. TDR aims to address the limits of keyword-based search with test- driven code search that focuses instead on code behaviour and semantics. Developing a new feature in TDR starts with the developer writing the tests that will validate candidate implementations of the desired functionality. Before writing any functional code the tests are run against all functions and classes of available projects. Any code passing the tests is presented to the developer as a candidate implementation for the target feature. [Pytest-nodev] and other nodev tools that help implement TDR for Python are newer than the JAVA counterparts, in spite of that we will present several applications of the technique to more and more complex examples.

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description: Alessandro Molina - Moving away from NodeJS to a pure python solution for assets When working with WebApplications it is common to rely on an asset management pipeline to compile scripts, minify css or preprocess images. Most of the tools available today rely on JavaScript to perform those steps and always forced Python developers to rely on NodeJS to have grunt perform the pipeline tasks, coffee-script to compile their CoffeeScript or lessc to build their css. This causes longer setup times for projects newcomers, complex development environment, working with two package managers and dependencies that you use once a week but still need to be there. The talk will showcase the DukPy project and focus on how it is possible to build a pure python asset pipeline relying on DukPy to run javascript tools and WebAssets framework to perform the most common tasks that usually Nodejs and tools like Grunt handle for us, greatly reducing the development environment complexity and making its setup as simple as ‘pip install’. The talk aims at explaining the complexity of managing an asset transformation pipeline through tools like Grunt, especially during deploy, test suites or when a new development environment has to be created, and showcase how this complexity can be dodged by using tools like WebAssets and DukPy. No more need to keep around two languages, two package management systems and manage your dependencies between them by youself. Just pip install your app and have it working.

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description: Alex Vinyals - Ingesting 35 million hotel images with python in the cloud. This talk covers the distributed architecture that Skyscanner built to solve the data challenges involved in the generation of images of all hotels in the world. Putting together a distributed system in Python, based on queues, surfing on the AWS Cloud. ----- Our goal? To build an incremental image processing pipeline that discards poor quality and duplicated images, scaling the final images to several sizes to optimise for mobile devices. Among the challenges: 1. Ingest all the input images that partners provide us. 2. Detect and remove bad quality + duplicated images from reaching production. 3. Resize all the generated images to optimise for mobile devices. 4. Ensure the process scales and behaves in an incremental way. 5. Ensure the whole process fits in a time constrained window. Among the tools we used? Pillow, ImageHash, Kombu and Boto.

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description: Alex Willmer - CloudABI: Capability based security on Linux/Unix Take POSIX, add capability-based security, then remove anything that conflicts. The result is CloudABI, available for BSD, Linux, OSX et al. A CloudABI process is incapable of any action that has a global impact It can only affect the file descriptors you provide. As a result even unknown binaries can safely be executed - without the need for containers, virtual machines, or other sandboxes. This talk will introduce CloudABI, how to use it with Python, the benefits, and the trade-offs. ----- [CloudABI] is a new POSIX based computing environment that brings [capability-based security] to BSD, Linux, OSX et al. Unlike traditional Unix, if a CloudABI process goes rogue it _cannot_ execute random binaries, or read arbitrary files. This is achieved by removing `open()` & any other API able to acquire global resources. Instead a CloudABI process must be granted _capabilities_ to specific resources (e.g. directories, files, sockets) in the form of file descriptors. If a process only has a descriptor for `/var/www` then it's _incapable_ of affecting any file or folder outside that directory. This talk will - Review the security & reusability problems of Linux & Unix processes - Introduce capability-based security - Summarize the design of CloudABI - its benefits & trade-offs - Demonstrate how to write Python software for CloudABI & run it - Point out the pitfalls & gotchas to be aware of - Discuss the current & future status of CloudABI CloudABI began life on FreeBSD. It also runs DragonFly BSD, NetBSD, PC-BSD, Arch Linux, Debian, Ubuntu, & OS X. The API & ABI are kernel agnostic - a CloudABI binary can run on any supported kernel. The design is evolved from [Capsicum], a library that allows processes to drop access to undesired syscalls at runtime. CloudABI applies this at build time to make testing & lock- down easier.

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description: Alexander Hendorf - Game Theory to the Rescue When Hard Decisions Are to Be Made Sometimes it's hard to decide when a something is really done or cannot be improved further. **Game theory** can help you to make complicated decisions whenever you encounter flow problems. ----- Game theory is "the study of mathematical models of conflict and cooperation between intelligent rational decision-makers." In our use case we had to match data for accounting: - the data was not always clean but we had some extra tools at hand and a complex system to make good guesses. Nevertheless it was hard to decide when to give up, some records were just not processable. Finally we used Game theory to make the decision.

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Writing unit tests for C code in Python

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description: Alexander Steffen - Writing unit tests for C code in Python There are many unit testing frameworks for C out there, but most of them require you to write your tests in C (or C++). While there might be good reasons to keep your implementation in C (for example execution speed or resource consumption), those hardly apply to the tests. So wouldn't it be nice to use all the power of Python and its unit testing capabilities also for your C code? This talk will show you how to combine CFFI and pycparser to easily create Python unit tests for C code, without a single line of C anywhere in the test cases. It will also cover creating mock functions in Python, that can be used by the C code under test to hide external dependencies. Finally, we will look at some of the challenges you might face when trying to mix Python and C and what to do about them.

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Nipy on functional brain MRI

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description: Alexandre Savio - Nipy on functional brain MRI This is an introductory talk to modern brain image analysis tools. I will show how to use nipy tools to process one resting-state fMRI subject, perform intra-subject registration, ICA analysis to extract and visualize resting-state networks. If the time allows me I will introduce how to perform non-linear registration to to atlas-based segmentation. The outline of the talk: 1. Present the COBRE dataset and show its characteristics. 2. Use nibabel to open a NifTI file and see the matrix/volume parameters. 3. Use nilearn.plotting to show the anatomical image. 4. Use nipy to co-register the anatomical image to the fMRI image. 5. Use nilearn to perform CanICA and plot ICA spatial segmentations. If time allows: 7. Present a brain anatomical atlas and its template. 8. Present the tools needed for non-linear registration. 9. Show the result of an atlas-based segmentation result. 10. Use nilearn to calculate the resting-state functional connectivity matrix of the subject. 11. Plot it with Bokeh.

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uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: Alexys Jacob - Using Service Discovery to build dynamic python applications Let's compare the usage of three major **service discovery** technologies to build a dynamic and distributed python application ! This talk will be about **consul**, **etcd** and **zookeeper** and their python bindings and will feature code along with a live demo. ----- This talk will **showcase and compare** three Service Discovery technologies and their usage to **build a dynamic and distributed python application** : - consul - etcd - zookeeper After a short introduction to service discovery, we will **iterate and compare** how we can address the concrete and somewhat complex design of our python application using each technology. We'll then be able to discuss their strengths, weaknesses and python bindings and finally showcase the application in a demo.

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Planning for the worst

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description: Alexys Jacob/Guillaume Gelin - Planning for the worst Sharing our worst production experiences and the tricks, good practices and code we developed to address them. ----- This talk is about sharing our experience about how we handled production problems on all levels of our applications. We'll begin with common problems, errors and failures and dig on to more obscure ones while sharing concrete tips, good practices and code to address them ! This talk will make you feel the warmth of not being alone facing a problem :)

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The Report Of Twisted’s Death

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description: Amber Brown - The Report Of Twisted’s Death This talk will teach you how Twisted or Tornado supplement asyncio, how asyncio can/is integrated with these frameworks, and makes a case for the continued development of new and existing selector-loop based frameworks. It will also paint a picture of the future direction of Twisted, why the original plan of asyncio as a standard API has not come to complete fruition, and what can be done about it. ----- Historically, there has been no “standard way” of doing asynchronous I/O in Python. A variety of solutions, from using threads (WSGI), processes (multiprocessing), green threads (gevent), or selector loops (Tornado, Twisted) have all been used to similar degrees, but apart from the (now deprecated) standard library asyncore/asynchat, Python itself did not have a blessed option. PEP 3156, or “the asyncio PEP”, introduced in Python 3.4, provides this blessed option, choosing a standard selector loop approach (or “reactor”, in Twisted parlance). The role of asyncio may seem muddled in the eyes of developers new to asynchronous programming, or those that may not understand the technical details of asyncio nor the political environment in which it was created. This talk will teach you how Twisted or Tornado supplement asyncio, how asyncio can/is integrated with these frameworks, and makes a case for the continued development of new and existing selector-loop based frameworks. It will also paint a picture of the future direction of Twisted, why the original plan of asyncio as a standard API has not come to complete fruition, and what can be done about it.

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uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: Anders Hammarquist - Metaclasses for fun and profit: Making a declarative GUI implementation When overhauling the user interface of Autolabel's labeling printers, we wanted a clean way to describe the layout of the settings widgets. The structure we came up with was a declarative class layout that leverages Python's metaclass concept to build the underlying GTK widget structure. I will present the implementation to hopefully inspire you to apply metaclass techniques to problems that standard Python syntax can't quite solve. If that fails, you will at least have a way to declaratively construct GTK GUIs. A short, non-exaustive, summary of concepts I will mention includes metaclasses (obviously), class hierarchies, method resolution order, super(), and anecdotes of dealing with GTK.

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Analyzing Data with Python & Docker

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description: Andreas Dewes - Analyzing Data with Python & Docker Docker is a powerful tool for packaging software and services in containers and running them on a virtual infrastructure. Python is a very powerful language for data analysis. What happens if we combine the two? We get a very versatile and robust system for analyzing data at small and large scale! I will show how we can make use of Python and Docker to build repeatable, robust data analysis workflows that can be used in many different contexts. I will explain the core ideas behind Docker and show how they can be useful in data analysis. I will then discuss an open-source Python library (Rouster) which uses the Python Docker-API to analyze data in containers and show several interesting use cases (possibly even a live-demo). Outline: 1. Why data analysis can be frustrating: Managing software, dependencies, data versions, workflows 2. How Docker can help us to make data analysis easier & more reproducible 3. Introducing Rouster: Building data analysis workflows with Python and Docker 4. Examples of data analysis workflows: Business Intelligence, Scientific Data Analysis, Interactive Exploration of Data 5. Future Directions & Outlook

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Brainwaves for Hackers 3.0

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description: Andreas Klostermann - Brainwaves for Hackers 3.0 This talk is about using our **Python** skills to explore the **secrets of our brains**. Using the Neurosky Mindwave as a bluetooth connected EEG device, I'll talk about new experiments I have performed inside the Jupyter notebook, for example "Evoked Response Potentials" and more about "Neuro Feedback" training. ----- Electroencephalography **(EEG)** measures potential waves originating within the brain. Billions of brain cells fire inside your brain, each sending out a minuscule wave. The summed potential waves can be measured, even with quite cheap and **portable devices**. Being the third major version of this talk, I'll talk briefly about the Neurosky Mindwave and the Muse headset. I have also developed more interactive Jupyter experiments, which I'll demonstrate in the talk. For example **Evoked Response Potentials (ERP)** can be demonstrated with relatively simple means. Also I'll talk some more about experiments with **Neuro Feedback**.

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description: Andrei Coman - Effectively test your webapp with Python and Selenium How often do you run your Selenium test suite? How fast do you get a result from it? Would you like to answer with: "Whenever I feel like it" and "Well, about the time it takes me to finish a coffee" ? This talk will try to get you closer to these answers. We will have a look at the lessons learned and the challenges my team faced maintaining a Selenium test suite against a long-lived Django web application. We will go over the pros and cons of: - test design approaches - technologies we used (nose, py.test, LiveServerTestCase) - reporting tools

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uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: Andrés Cidel - Create secure production environment using Docker Docker is a relatively new technology platform that helps teams develop, deploy and scale applications with greater ease and speed. However, there are doubts about using Docker in production environments. One important reason is that containers don't provide the same security layer as hypervisors do. The purpose of this talk is pointing out that using Docker in production is perfectly valid, not just for develop and CI environments. We'll learn: - How Docker works. - Main risks. - How create and maintain secure images. - How defend containers. - How delimit security risks in containers. - Best practices for running containers.

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description: Andrew Burrows - Testing the untestable: a beginner’s guide to mock objects Mock objects can be a powerful tool to write easy, reliable tests for the most difficult to test code. In this session you will learn your way around Python 3’s unittest.mock package starting at the simplest examples and working through progressively more problematic code. You’ll learn about the Mock class, sentinels and patching and how and when to use each of them. You will see the benefits that mocks can bring and learn to avoid the pitfalls. Along the way I’ll fill you in on some of the bewildering terminology surrounding mocks such as “SUT”, “Stub”, “Double”, “Dummy” , “mockist” and more and I’ll give a brief plug for my own mockextras package that can enhance your mock experience.

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Introduction to aiohttp

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description: aiohttp is asynchronous HTTP client and server library built on top of asyncio. The library allows to write user friendly code which looks like well-known linear one (requests library for client and Django/Flask/Pyramid for server) but utilizes the power of non-blocking sockets and supports websockets natively. The intro describes basic programming patterns for both client and server API as well as more advanced techniques. Tips and tricks for writing asyncio-based code are included as well. The main target of the talk is displaying an alternative to people who want to avoid classic WSGI frameworks (Django/Flask/Pyramid etc) limitations but found Twisted and Tornado too cumbersome. Dive into aiohttp usage with the library author.

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description: Andrii Soldatenko - What is the best full text search engine for Python? Compare full text search engines for Python. ----- Nowadays we can see lot’s of benchmarks and performance tests of different web frameworks and Python tools. Regarding to search engines, it’s difficult to find useful information especially benchmarks or comparing between different search engines. It’s difficult to manage what search engine you should select for instance, ElasticSearch, Postgres Full Text Search or may be Sphinx or Whoosh. You face a difficult choice, that’s why I am pleased to share with you my acquired experience and benchmarks and focus on how to compare full text search engines for Python.

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description: FBTFTP: facebook's opensource framework for creating dynamic TFTP servers in Python3. ----- TFTP was first standardized in '81 (same year I was born!) and one of its primary uses is in the early stage of network booting. TFTP is very simple to implement, and one of the reasons it is still in use is that its small footprint allows engineers to fit the code into very low resource, single board computers, system-on-a-chip implementations and mainboard chipsets, in the case of modern hardware. It is therefore a crucial protocol deployed in almost every data center environment. It is used, together with DHCP, to chain load Network Boot Programs (NBPs), like Grub2 and iPXE. They allow machines to bootstrap themselves and install operating systems off of the network, downloading kernels and initrds via HTTP and starting them up. At Facebook, we have been using the standard in.tftpd daemon for years, however, we started to reach its limitations. Limitations that were partially due to our scale and the way TFTP was deployed in our infrastructure, but also to the protocol specifications based on requirements from the 80's. To address those limitations we ended up writing our own framework for creating dynamic TFTP servers in Python3, and we decided to open source it. I will take you thru the framework and the features it offers. I'll discuss the specific problems that motivated us to create it. We will look at practical examples of how touse it, along with a little code, to build your own server that are tailored to your own infra needs.

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name: FBTFTP: Facebook's open source python3 framework for dynamic TFTP servers.


Exploring Python Bytecode

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description: Anjana Vakil - Exploring Python Bytecode Do you ever wonder what your simple, beautiful Python code looks like to the interpreter? Are you starting to get curious about those `.pyc` files that always pop up in your project, and you always ignore? Would you like to start investigating your Python code's performance, and learn why some programs you write run faster than others, even if the code looks more or less the same? Have you simply fallen so completely in love with Python that you're ready to peer deep inside its soul? If you, like me, answered "yes" to any of these questions, join me in an illuminating adventure into the world of Python bytecode! Bytecode is the "intermediate language" that expresses your Python source code as machine instructions the interpreter (specifically CPython, the "standard" interpreter) can understand. Together we'll investigate what that means, and what role bytecode plays in the execution of a Python program. We'll discover how we simple humans can read this machine language using the `dis` module, and inspect the bytecode for some simple programs. We'll learn the meaning of a few instructions that often appear in our bytecode, and we'll find out how to learn the rest. Finally, we'll use bytecode to understand why a piece of Python code runs faster if we put it inside of a function. When you go home, you'll be able to use bytecode to get a deeper understanding of your Python code and its performance. The adventure simply starts here; where it ends is up to you!

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uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: Anjana Vakil - Using and abusing Python’s double-underscore methods and attributes The curious Python methods and attributes surrounded by double underscores ('`__`') go by many names, including “special”, “dunder”, and “magic”. You probably use some of them, like `__init__`, every day. But that’s just the tip of the iceberg! In this talk, we’ll explore the weird and wonderful world of the double-underscore, and find out how dunders can be useful, silly, dangerous, and just fun! We’ll play pranks on Python’s builtin operators for arithmetic and comparison. We’ll make arbitrary objects behave like dictionaries and containers. We’ll reduce an object’s memory usage, and speed up tests for membership. We’ll even try some naughty function hacks that we should never use in real life! You'll get the most out of this talk if you're already comfortable writing object-oriented Python code. If you already use special dunder magic in your own code, that's excellent! You’ll have a chance to share your tips & tricks with the rest of the audience at the end of the talk. _Talk repo_:

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uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: Ankit Bahuguna - Query Embeddings: Web Scale Search powered by Deep Learning and Python A web search engine allows a user to type few words of query and it presents list of potential relevant results within fraction of a second. Traditionally, keywords in the user query were fuzzy-matched in realtime with the keywords within different pages of the index and they didn't really focus on understanding meaning of query. Recently, Deep Learning + NLP techniques try to _represent sentences or documents as fixed dimensional vectors in high dimensional space. These special vectors inherit semantics of the document. Query embeddings is an unsupervised deep learning based system, built using Python, Word2Vec, Annoy and Keyvi which recognizes similarity between queries and their vectors for a web scale search engine within Cliqz browser. The goal is to describe how query embeddings contribute to our existing python search stack at scale and latency issues prevailing in real time search system. Also is a preview of separate vector index for queries, utilized by retrieval system at runtime via ANNs to get closest queries to user query, which is one of the many key components of our search stack. Prerequisites: Basic experience in NLP, ML, Deep Learning, Web search and Vector Algebra. Libraries: Annoy.

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description: Anna Herlihy - Wrestling Python into LLVM Intermediate Representation The LLVM Project provides an intermediate representation (LLVM-IR) that can be compiled on many platforms. LLVM-IR is used by analytical frameworks to achieve language and platform independence. What if we could add Python to the long list of languages that can be translated to LLVM-IR? This talk will go through the steps of wrestling Python into LLVM-IR with a simple, static one-pass compiler. ----- What is LLVM-IR? The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure Project provides a transportable intermediate representation (LLVM-IR) that can be compiled and linked into multiple types of assembly code. What is great about LLVM-IR is that you can take any language and distill it into a form that can be run on many different machines. Once the code gets into IR it doesn’t matter what platform it was originally written on, and it doesn’t matter that Python can be slow. It doesn’t matter if you have weird CPUs - if they’re supported by LLVM it will run. What is Tupleware? TupleWare is an analytical framework built at Brown University that allows users to compile functions into distributed programs that are automatically deployed. TupleWare is unique because it uses LLVM-IR to be language and platform independent. What is PyLLVM? This is the heart of the talk. PyLLVM is a simple, easy to extend, one-pass static compiler that takes in the subset of Python most likely to be used by Tupleware. PyLLVM is based on an existing project called py2llvm that was abandoned around 2011. This talk will go through some basic compiler design and talk about how some LLVM-IR features make our lives easier, and some much harder. It will cover types, scoping, memory management, and other implementation details. To conclude, it will compare PyLLVM to Numba, a Python-to-LLVM compiler from Continuum Analytics and touch on what the future has in store for PyLLVM.

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Music transcription with Python

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description: Anna Wszeborowska - Music transcription with Python Music transcription allows to convert an audio recording to musical notation through mathematical analysis. It is a very complex problem, especially for polyphonic music - currently existing solutions yield results with approx. 70% or less accuracy. In the talk we will focus on transcribing a monophonic audio input and see how we can modify it on the fly. To achieve that, we need to determine pitch and duration of each note, and then use these parameters to create a sequence of MIDI events. MIDI stands for _Musical Instrument Digital Interface_ and it encodes commands used to generate sounds by musical hardware or software. Let's see how to play around with sounds using Python and a handful of its powerful libraries. And let's do it in real-time!

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Beyond scraping

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description: Anthon van der Neut - Beyond scraping Scraping static websites can be done with `urllib2` from the standard library, or with some slightly more sophisticated packages like `requests`. However as soon as JavaScript comes into play on the website you want to download information from, for things like logging in via openid or constructing the pages content, you almost always have to fall back to driving a real browser. For web sites with variable content this is can be time consuming and cumbersome process. This talk show how a to create a simple, evolving, client server architecture combining zeromq, selenium and beautifulsoup, which allows you to scrape data from sites like Sporcle, StackOverflow and KhanAcademy. Once the page analysis has been implemented regular "downloads" can easily be deployed without cluttering your desktop, your headless server and/or anonymously. The described client server setup allows you to restart your changed analysis program without having to redo all the previous steps of logging in and stepping through instructions to get back to the page where you got "stuck" earlier on. This often decreases the time between entering a possible fix in your HTML analysis code en testing it, down to less than a second from a few tens of seconds in case you have to restart a browser. Using such a setup you have time to focus on writing robust code instead of code that breaks with every little change the sites designers make.

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uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: Antonio Spadaro - Build and control a Python-powered robot. During this talk you will see how to make a robot able to recognize people with a Raspberry Pi as main board and Python as language. The talk will cover the hardware and modules, discuss briefly the alternatives, and finally show a live demo. ----- The robot uses two main modules: - **OpenCV** (_Open Source Computer Vision Library_), an open-source library that includes several hundreds of computer vision algorithms. Usage ranges from interactive art, to mines inspection, stitching maps on the web or through advanced robotics. - **gpiozero**, a simple interface to everyday GPIO components used with Raspberry Pi. The first is used to recognize the people and the object; the second to control the robot.

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CFFI: calling C from Python

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description: Armin Rigo - CFFI: calling C from Python In this talk, we will see an intro to CFFI, an alternative to using the standard C API to extend Python. CFFI works on CPython and on PyPy. It is a possible solution to a problem that hits notably PyPy --- the CPython C API. The CPython C API was great and contributed to the present-day success of Python, together with tools built on top of it like Cython and SWIG. I will argue that it may be time to look beyond it, and present CFFI as such an example. ----- I will introduce CFFI, a way to call C libraries from Python. CFFI was designed in 2012 to get away from Python's C extension modules, which require hand-written CPython-specific C code. CFFI is arguably simpler to use: you call C from Python directly, instead of going through an intermediate layer. It is not tied to CPython's internals, and works natively on two different Python implementations: CPython and PyPy. It could be ported to more implementations. It is also a big success, according to the download statistics. Some high-visibility projects like Cryptography have switched to it. Part of the motivation for developing CFFI is that it is a minimal layer that allows direct access to C from Python, with no fixed intermediate C API. It shares ideas from Cython, ctypes, and LuaJIT's ffi, but the non-dependence on any fixed C API is a central point. It is a possible solution to a problem that hits notably PyPy --- the CPython C API. The CPython C API was great and, we can argue, it contributed a lot to the present-day success of Python, together with tools built on top of it like Cython and SWIG. However, it may be time to look beyond it. This talk will thus present CFFI as such an example. This independence is what lets CFFI work equally well on CPython and on PyPy (and be very fast on the latter thanks to the JIT compiler).

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Machine Learning: Power of Ensembles

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description: Bargava Subramanian - Machine Learning: Power of Ensembles In Machine Learning, the power of combining many models have proven to successfully provide better results than single models. The primary goal of the talk is to answer the following questions: 1) Why and How ensembles produce better output? 2) When data scales, what's the impact? What are the trade-offs to consider? 3) Can ensemble models eliminate expert domain knowledge? ----- It is relatively easy to build a first-cut machine learning model. But what does it take to build a reasonably good model, or even a state- of-art model ? Ensemble models. They are our best friends. They help us exploit the power of computing. Ensemble methods aren't new. They form the basis for some extremely powerful machine learning algorithms like random forests and gradient boosting machines. The key point about ensemble is that consensus from diverse models are more reliable than a single source. This talk will cover how we can combine model outputs from various base models(logistic regression, support vector machines, decision trees, neural networks, etc) to create a stronger/better model output. This talk will cover various strategies to create ensemble models. Using third-party Python libraries along with scikit-learn, this talk will demonstrate the following ensemble methodologies: 1) Bagging 2) Boosting 3) Stacking Real-life examples from the enterprise world will be show-cased where ensemble models produced better results consistently when compared against single best-performing models. There will also be emphasis on the following: Feature engineering, model selection, importance of bias-variance and generalization. Creating better models is the critical component of building a good data science product.

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NetworkX Visualization Powered by Bokeh

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description: Björn Meier - NetworkX Visualization Powered by Bokeh Visual data exploration, e.g. of social networks, can be ugly manual work. The talk will be an introduction for the combined usage of NetworkX and Bokeh in a Jupyter Notebook to show how easy interactive network visualization can be. ----- During some work with social network analysis my favoured tool to study the networks was NetworkX. It provides a wide set of features and algorithms for network analysis, all in Python. But the functionality to visualize networks is not very strong and not to mention the missing interactive manipulation. However during the exploration of data: exporting, feeding an extra tool for visualization and then manipulating data manually was a tedious workflow. As I also had the optional target of presenting networks in a browser, I improved this workflow by creating a Flask web application providing interfaces to my networks. On the browser side I created a javascript client based on D3.js. In retrospective the required programming effort in Python and also in Javascript was too much for such a task. And exactly this target, interactive visualization in a browser (and as bonus in a Jupyter Notebook), can be achieved quiet easy now with Bokeh. The talk will be a step by step introduction, starting with the basic visualization of a network using Bokeh, NetworkX and a Jupyter Notebook. Next, how to create interactions with your network which will be used to change a network structure, e.g. a leaving person. As we want to see directly the impact of these changes in a network I will finally show how to update networks and visualize directly how the importance of the remaining people changes. And all this can be achieved with Python and maybe a bit of Javascript.

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Performant Python

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description: Burkhard Kloss - Performant Python Python is a great language. Easy to learn, friendly to use, widely used. It is not, however, renowned for being fast. In a lot of situations that does not matter. Sometimes it really does. This talk will introduce you to some tools and techniques for making sure your Python code becomes fast enough – without turning into a maintenance nightmare. Warning: may contain small bits of other languages.

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uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: Cameron Macleod - Implementación de un Identificador de Sonido en Python El tema que nos ocupa es como implementar un identificador de sonido tipo Shazam usando técnicas DSP. Los puntos a seguir serán, implementación, retos y pasos adicionales. El proyecto que nos ocupa se encuentra todavía en proceso de desarrollo (el código [subido en GitHub]) y fue inspirado después la conferencia, [Over-the-Air Audio Identification] en FOSDEM 2016.

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uk: Комп'ютерні науки

description: Cameron Macleod - Implementing a Sound Identifier in Python The talk will go over implementing a Shazam-style sound recogniser using DSP techniques and some fantastic libraries. It will cover implementation, challenges and further steps. The project is still a work in progress and the code is [available on GitHub]. It was inspired by the [Over-the-Air Audio Identification talk] at FOSDEM 2016.

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